The ADHD inattentive type is characterized by persistent inattention, including difficulty maintaining focus, overlooking details, struggling with organization, being easily distracted, and forgetfulness.
The absence of significant hyperactive and impulsive symptoms distinguishes it from the hyperactivity/impulsive and the combined types of ADHD.
The inattentive presentation is thought to be the most common subtype among those with ADHD although it is often diagnosed later in life for many due to the signs being less obvious.
Signs of ADHD Inattentive Type
While some hyperactive and impulsive symptoms may be present, they are not as significant as in the inattentive type. Here is a breakdown of the signs:
- Difficulty with staying focused on tasks that require sustained attention
- Missing details which can result in making careless mistakes
- Trouble following through on multi-step directions
- Organizational difficulties such as unstructured schedules and not completing tasks on time
- Easily distracted by external stimuli or inner thoughts (e.g., daydreaming)
- Forgetfulness such as forgetting appointments or misplacing items
- Difficulty with working memory and processing speed
Associated features include sluggish cognitive tempo, characterized by consistent sluggishness, mental “fogginess” and hypoactivity.
Socially, inattention often translates to peer neglect due to shy, withdrawn, and passive interaction.
How does this compare with the hyperactive/impulsive type?
The inattentive type of ADHD is characterized by persistent inattention, difficulty sustaining focus, distractibility, and forgetfulness
This contrasts with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD, which is associated with restlessness, interrupting, and difficulty waiting turns.
The main cognitive difference in the hyperactive/impulsive type is impaired response inhibition. They may struggle socially due to impulsive, disruptive behaviors and difficulty following social rules.
While the inattentive type is often underdiagnosed, especially in girls, the hyperactive/impulsive type is more commonly identified.
Treatment for the inattentive type focuses on improving organization and attention to detail, while hyperactive/impulsive interventions target impulse control and self-regulation.
An accurate diagnosis by a professional is key, as there can be symptom overlap between subtypes.
Click here for a full breakdown of the general signs of ADHD.
Impact of ADHD Inattentive Type
Below are some of the potential impacts of having inattentive ADHD:
Procrastination
People with inattentive ADHD often struggle to complete tasks on time.
Michael, from the podcast “Living in a Michaelparsche World“, shares his frequent experience of getting stuck at 80% completion, unable to finish without intense hyperfocus.
Cat from the “Making Friends with Squirrels” podcast describes her childhood struggle with remembering books and homework, despite the elaborate systems she created.
Melanie from the same podcast mentions feeling constant pressure to work in short bursts to avoid becoming overwhelmed by looming deadlines.
This cycle of procrastination and last-minute efforts can lead to significant stress, potentially jeopardizing academic or career success.
Frequently making errors
Inattentive ADHD can make it difficult to sustain focus on detail-oriented tasks, increasing the likelihood of errors.
Michael, working in a field requiring meticulous attention, admits to facing challenges with this crucial aspect.
Similarly, Emily, the host of “My Brain is a Wonderland,” shares her experience of repeatedly checking her work only to find typos or errors later, despite numerous reviews.
This inconsistency can impact work quality and lead to frustration and self-criticism.
Social interaction difficulties
Inattentive ADHD can make sustaining attention during conversations difficult, leading to misunderstandings and strained relationships.
Melanie acknowledges that her thoughts often race ahead during conversations, causing her to miss parts of the discussion.
This internal distraction might make individuals appear aloof or uninterested, potentially affecting social connections.
Increased anxiety
Anxiety and depression commonly coexist in people with ADHD which can be elevated by the difficulties of those with inattentive ADHD.
Emily expresses her deep-seated anxiety about lateness, potentially stemming from past experiences with inattentiveness.
The constant pressure to manage internal distractions and meet external expectations can take a toll on mental well-being.
Low self-esteem
Frequently struggling with attention, organization, and task completion can lead to a negative self-image.
Individuals may internalize societal judgments, labeling themselves as lazy or incapable.
Emily reflects on her history of overworking, driven by a need to overcompensate for her ADHD symptoms.
This underlying pressure to prove oneself worthy can significantly impact overall well-being and happiness.
Exhaustion and burnout
The mental energy required to manage inattentive ADHD and meet societal expectations can be draining, often leading to burnout.
Emily mentions experiencing exhaustion after exerting extra effort to keep up with demands.
Dr. Doug, an ADHD coach, describes focused attention as having a high “caloric” cost, leading to mental fatigue.
This constant effort to maintain focus amidst internal distractions can deplete energy reserves, leaving individuals feeling overwhelmed and depleted.
Managing inattentive ADHD
Managing inattentive ADHD often means incorporating a multifaceted approach that combines lifestyle adjustments, coping mechanisms, and professional support.
Below are some ideas for inattentive ADHD management:
Mindfulness techniques
Engaging in mindfulness practices, such as meditation, can enhance awareness of thoughts and emotions, helping to identify and manage distractions and negative self-talk.
This heightened self-awareness can create space for more conscious choices and responses to internal and external stimuli.
Foster self-compassion
ADHD coach Dr. Doug emphasizes the importance of self-compassion. This involves treating oneself with kindness and understanding and recognizing ADHD as a neurological difference rather than a personal failing.
Cultivating self-compassion can help you overcome the self-criticism and shame often associated with ADHD, promoting a more positive and accepting self-image.
Seek professional guidance
Consulting with professionals, such as therapists, coaches, or psychiatrists, can provide you with tailored strategies and support for managing inattentive ADHD.
These professionals can help to develop coping mechanisms, explore medication options, and work through the emotional and social challenges associated with inattentive ADHD.
Open communication
Dr. Doug encourages open communication with colleagues, family, and friends to create a more understanding and supportive environment.
Being clear about what you may find difficult and why can help foster deeper understanding and help others become more compassionate.
Seek accommodations
In workplaces or educational settings, advocating for accommodations, like extended deadlines or quiet workspaces, can make a significant difference.
However, the availability and acceptance of such accommodations can vary widely, depending on the specific context.
You may have to be prepared to advocate for your needs and seek environments that are supportive and understanding of ADHD.
Breaking down tasks
Dividing tasks into smaller, more manageable steps can reduce feelings of overwhelm and increase the likelihood of completion.
Visualizing progress, even in small increments, can provide a sense of accomplishment and motivation.
Rewarding effort over outcome
Some people may find that giving themselves rewards after completing a task is helpful.
Dr. Doug however suggests shifting the focus to rewarding the effort invested in a task rather than solely focusing on the end result.
This can help maintain motivation and reduce discouragement, especially when faced with challenges or setbacks.
Establishing routine and systems
Creating consistent routines for everyday tasks can help individuals manage their time and stay organized.
Michael describes his reliance on routines, such as placing his keys and wallet in the same spot, to minimize stress and prevent losing essential items.
Addressing co-occurring conditions
Dr. Brown, a clinical psychologist, emphasizes that adults with ADHD have a high likelihood of also experiencing other conditions, such as anxiety, depression, or learning disorders.
Therefore, addressing these co-occurring conditions is crucial for overall well-being and can significantly impact the effectiveness of ADHD management strategies.
Use medication when appropriate
Dr. Brown highlights the importance of finding the right medication and dosage for each individual, as responses to stimulant medication can vary significantly.
Working closely with a qualified medical professional is essential to determine whether medication is an appropriate option to carefully monitor potential side effects and adjust dosages as needed.
References
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Becker, S. P. (2019). Topical review: Sluggish cognitive tempo: research findings and relevance for pediatric psychology. Journal of pediatric psychology, 45(1), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsz075
Becker, S. P., McBurnett, K., Hinshaw, S. P., & Pfiffner, L. J. (2013). Negative social preference in relation to internalizing symptoms among children with ADHD predominantly inattentive type: Girls fare worse than boys. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42(6), 784-795. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.828298
Gallagher, R., & Rosenblatt, J. L. (2013). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive type. In L. A. Reddy, A. S. Weissman, & J. B. Hale (Eds.), Neuropsychological assessment and intervention for youth: An evidence-based approach to emotional and behavioral disorders (pp. 155–176). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14091-007
Limberg, B., Peña, R. M., Davidson, B., & Yeagley, C. B. (2018). F90.0 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. In J. B. Schaffer & E. Rodolfa (Eds.), An ICD–10–CM casebook and workbook for students: Psychological and behavioral conditions (pp. 203–215). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000069-017
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