P-Value Calculator for Chi-Square

By
Saul McLeod, PhD
Updated on
Updated on

Saul McLeod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul McLeod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Learn about our Editorial Process

Reviewed by
Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc
&

Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology, where she contributes accessible content on psychological topics. She is also an autistic PhD student at the University of Birmingham, researching autistic camouflaging in higher education.

Learn about our Editorial Process

Learn about our Editorial Process

Calculate the degrees of freedom for the contingency table using the following formula; df= (rows – 1) x (columns – 1).

Chi-Square Test of Independence Calculator

Further Information

What is the chi-square test used for?

The chi-square test is used to determine if there's a significant association between categorical variables. It compares observed frequencies (what you actually count) to expected frequencies (null hypothesis prediction), helping researchers assess whether differences are due to chance or a real relationship in the population.

When to use chi-square test vs t test?

Use a chi-square test for categorical data to assess relationships between variables. Use a t-test for comparing means of continuous data, typically between two groups. Chi-square examines frequency distributions, while t-tests analyze differences in averages of numerical data.

Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology, where she contributes accessible content on psychological topics. She is also an autistic PhD student at the University of Birmingham, researching autistic camouflaging in higher education.

Saul McLeod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul McLeod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

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