In psychology, a false memory refers to a mental experience that’s remembered as factual but is either entirely false or significantly different from what actually occurred. These can be small details, like misremembering the color of a car, or more substantial, like entirely fabricated events. They can be influenced by suggestion, misattribution, or other cognitive distortions.
Key Points The false consensus effect describes the tendency for people to believe that their own opinions, beliefs, and attributes are more common and normative … Read more
Summary False consciousness is the idea that those from subordinate sectors of society systematically hold beliefs that are caused by the distortions of those in … Read more
Eyewitness testimony is a legal term that refers to an account given by people of an event they have witnessed. For example, they may be … Read more
Extraneous variables are factors other than the independent and dependent variables that may unintentionally influence the results of an experiment. They need to be controlled, minimized, or accounted for through careful experimental design and statistical analysis to avoid confounding the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Exposure therapy is a technique used in the treatment of anxiety disorders like phobias or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Its goal is to help individuals overcome specific fears or sources of anxiety.
Ausubel sees learners as active agents who interpret and incorporate new information into their existing cognitive frameworks (schemata).
The experimental method involves the manipulation of variables to establish cause-and-effect relationships. The key features are controlled methods and the random allocation of participants into controlled and experimental groups.
Experimental design refers to how participants are allocated to different groups in an experiment. Types of design include repeated measures, independent groups, and matched pairs designs.
Ethnocentrism in psychology refers to the tendency to view one’s own cultural or ethnic group as superior and to judge other groups based on the values and standards of one’s group. It is the belief that one’s own culture is correct and superior compared to other cultures.